GLAM/References
An overview of papers, articles and books relevant to understands the issues related to GLAMs and their contribution to the Wikimedia projects.
Papers, articles and books
editDigital collections online
editPlease refer to w:en:GLAM (industry sector)
- Ardissono, L., Kuflik, T., & Petrelli, D. (2012). Personalization in cultural heritage: The road travelled and the one ahead. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction, 22(1–2), 73–99.
- Baca, M., Coburn, E., & Hubbard, S. (2008). Metadata and museum information. In P. Marty & K. B. Jones (Eds.), Museum informatics. People, information, and technology in museums (pp. 107–128). London: Routledge.
- Bakhshi, H., & Throsby, D. (2012). New technologies in cultural institutions: Theory, evidence and policy implications. International Journal of Cultural Policy, 18(2), 205–222.
- Bearman, D. (2008). Representing museum knowledge. In P. Marty & K. B. Jones (Eds.), Museum informatics. People, information, and technology in museums (pp. 35–58). New York: Routledge.
- Borowiecki, K.J. et al. (eds.) (2016). Cultural Heritage in a Changing World, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29544-2
- Borowiecki, K. J., & Navarrete, T. (2015). Digitization of heritage collections as indicator of innovation. University of Southern Denmark, Discussion Papers on Business and Economics No. 14/2015. Retrieved December 7, 2015, from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/sdueko/2015_014. html.
- Borowiecki, K. J., & Navarrete, T. (2016). Digitization of heritage collections as indicator of innovation. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, forthcoming. Retrieved March 14, 2016, from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hhs/sdueko/2015_014.html.
- Bernstein, S. (2008). Where Do We Go From Here? Continuing with Web 2.0 at the Brooklyn Museum. In J. Trant & D. Bearman (Eds.), Museums and the Web 2008. Proceedings, Toronto: Archives & Museum Informatics. Retrieved December 7, 2015, from http://www.archimuse.com/mw2008/papers/bernstein/bernsteinhtml.
- Caffo, R. (2014). Digital cultural heritage projects: Opportunities and future challenges. Procedia Computer Science, 38, 12–17.
- Cameron, F. & S. Kenderdine (2007). Theorizing digital cultural heritage. A critical discourse. Cambridge, MA: MIT.
- Clough, G. W. (2013). Best of both worlds: Museums, libraries, and archives in a digital age. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.
- Eschenfelder, K. R. and M. Caswell (2010). “Digital cultural collections in an age of reuse and remixes”. In: Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 47.1, pp. 1–10. url: http : / / onlinelibrary . wiley . com / doi / 10 . 1002 / meet . 14504701045 / full (visited on 07/29/2014).
- Flew, T., & Swift, A. (2013). Cultural policy. In R. Towse & C. Handke (Eds.), Handbook on the digital creative economy (pp. 155–161). Cheltenham, England: Edward Elgar.
- Floch, J., & Jiang, S. (2015, September 22–24) Digital cultural experiences: A step towards understanding the public needs. Paper presented at the 6th International Workshop on Human- Computer Interaction, Tourism and Cultural Heritage—HCITOCH, Ravenna, Italy.
- Floch, J., & Jiang, S. (2015) One place, many stories—Digital storytelling for cultural heritage discovery in the landscape. Paper presented at the Digital Heritage International Congress 2015, Granada, Spain, September 28–October 2, 2015.
- Green, T. (2011). Giving It Away: Major Museums Wise Up about the Benefits of Copyright Free Art. Modern Painters (September): 34–35.
- L. Hughes (Ed.) (2011). Evaluating and measuring the value, use and impact of digital collections (pp. 1–10). London: Facet Publishing.
- Kapsalis, E. (2016). The Impact of Open Access on Galleries, Libraries, Museums, & Archives, Smithsonian Emerging Leaders Development Program.
- Keene, S. (1998). Digital collections: Museums and the information age. Oxford, England: Butterworth-Heinemann.
- Kelly, B., Ellis, M. and Gardler, R. “What Does Openness Mean To The Museum Community?” In J. Trant and D. Bearman (eds.). Museums and the Web 2008: Proceedings. Toronto: Archives & Museum Informatics. Published March 5, 2008 at http://www.archimuse.com/mw2008/papers/kelly/kelly.html. (Accessed 6th January 2009)
- Kelly, K. (2013). Images of Works of Art in Museum Collections: The Experience of Open Access, a Study of 11 Museums, Prepared for The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, Council on Library and Information Resources.
- Margoni, T. The digitisation of cultural heritage: originality, derivative works and (non) original photograph. Institute for Information Law (IViR)—Faculty of Law University of Amsterdam. Retrieved from http://www.ivir.nl/publicaties/download/1507
- Marty, P. (2011). My lost museum: User expectations and motivations for creating personal digital collections on museum websites. Library and Information Science Research, 33(3), 211–219.
- Marty, P., & Jones, K. B. (2008). Museum informatics. People, information, and technology in museums. New York: Routledge.
- Nauta, G. J., & van den Heuvel, W. (2015). Survey report on digitisation in European Cultural Heritage Institutions 2015. Europeana/ENUMERATE, DEN Foundation (NL). Retrieved from http://pro.europeana.eu/files/Europeana_Professional/Projects/Project_list/ENUMER ATE/deliverables/ev3-deliverable-d1.2-europeana-version1.1-public.pdf
- Navarrete, T. (2013). Digital cultural heritage. In I. Rizzo & A. Mignosa (Eds.), Handbook on the economics of cultural heritage (pp. 251–271). Cheltenham, England: Edward Elgar.
- Navarrete, T. (2013). Museums. In R. Towse & C. Handke (Eds.), Handbook on the digital creative economy (pp. 330–343). Cheltenham, England: Edward Elgar.
- Navarrete, T., & Mackenzie Owen, J. (2011). Museum libraries: How digitization can enhance the value of the museum. Palabra Clave (La Plata), 1(1), 12–20.
- Paolini, P., Mitroff Silvers, D., & Proctor, N. (2013). Technologies for cultural heritage. In I. Rizzo & A. Mignosa (Eds.), Handbook on the economics of cultural heritage (pp. 272–289). Cheltenham, England: Edward Elgar.
- Parry, O., & Mauthner, N. (2004). Whose data are they anyway? Practical, legal and ethical issues in archiving qualitative research data. Sociology, 38, 139–152.
- Peacock, A. (2006). The arts and economic policy. In V. A. Ginsburgh & D. Throsby (Eds.), Handbook of the economics of art and culture (Vol. 1, pp. 1124–1140). Amsterdam: North Holland.
- Salaün, J.-M. (2013). The immeasurable economics of libraries. In I. Rizzo & A. Mignosa (Eds.), Handbook on the economics of cultural heritage (pp. 290–305). Cheltenham, England: Edward Elgar.
- Saldana, I., Celaya, J., Merin, C., Gonzalez, C., Corbo, A., Portell, G., et al. (2013). Museums in the digital age. Retrieved 7, 2015, from http://www.dosdoce.com/upload/ficheros/noticias/201305/museums_in_the_digital_age__a_dosdoce_survey.pdf
- Stroeker, N., & Vogels, R. (2014). Survey report on digitisation in European cultural heritage institutions 2014. ENUMERATE thematic network, Panteia (NL). Retrieved from http://www. enumerate.eu/fileadmin/ENUMERATE/documents/ENUMERATE-Digitisation-Survey-2014. pdf
- Tanner, S. (2012, October). Measuring the impact of digital resources: The balanced value impact model. London: King’s College London. Retrieved from www.kdcs.kcl.ac.uk/innovation/ impact.html* Youngs, G. (2013), Digital World: Connectivity, Creativity and Rights, Routledge.
- Zeytlin, D. (2012). Anthropology in and of the archives: Possible futures and contingent pasts. Archives as anthropological surrogates. Annual Review of Anthropology, 41, 461–480. (Volume publication date October 2012) First published online as a Review in Advance on July 2, 2012. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-092611-145721
- Harry Verwayen, Martijn Arnoldus, Peter B. Kaufman, The Problem of the Yellow Milkmaid: A Business Model Perspective on Open Metadata, Europeana White Paper No. 2.
User-generated content, crowdsourcing and community engagement for cultural heritage
editSituation | Positive | Negative |
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By providing content online, GLAMs support a new engagement of their audience. |
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- Flanagan, M., Punjasthitkul, S., Seidman, M., Kaufman, G., & Carini, P. (2013). Citizen archivists at play: Game design for gathering metadata for cultural heritage. Institutions Proceedings of DiGRA 2013: DeFragging Game Studies.
- Han, K., Shih, P. C., Rosson, M. B., & Carroll, J. M. (2014a). Understanding local community attachment, engagement and social support networks mediated by mobile technology. Interacting with Computers 2014a.
- Han, K., Shih, P. C., Rosson, M. B., & Carroll, J. M. (2014b). Enhancing community awareness of and participation in local heritage with a mobile application. CSCW 2014-Mobile Apps for Enhancing Connectedness. pp. 1144–1155.
- Oomen, J., & Aroyo, L. (2011). Crowdsourcing in the cultural heritage domain: Opportunities and challenges. In C & T ‘11 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Communities and Technologies, pp. 138 149. ACM digital library http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?doid1⁄42103354. 2103373
- Oosterman, J., Bozzon, A. Houben, G.-J., Nottamkandath, A., Dijkshoorn, C., Aroyo, L., et al. Crowd vs. experts: Nichesourcing for knowledge intensive tasks in cultural heritage. international World Wide Web Conference Committee (IW3C2), 2014. ACM 978-1-4503- 2744-2/14/04. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2567948.2576960.
- Owens, T. (2013). Digital cultural heritage and the crowd curator. The Museum Journal, 56(1), 121–130.
- Paraschakis, D., & Friberger, M. G. (2014, May 27–31). Playful crowdsourcing of archival metadata through social networks. ASE big data/social com/cybersecurity Conference, Stanford University. ASE@360 Open Scientific Digital Library http://www.ase360.org/han dle/123456789/45
- Ridge, M. (2014), Crowdsourcing Our Cultural Heritage, Routledge.
- Ridge, M. (2013). From tagging to theorizing: Deepening engagement with cultural heritage through crowdsourcing. The Museum Journal, 56(4), 435–450.
- Tait, E., MacLeod, M., Beel, D., Wallace, C., Mellish, C., & Taylor, S. (2013). Linking to the past: An analysis of community digital heritage initiatives. Aslib Proceedings: New Information Perspectives, 65(6), 564–580. doi:10.1108/AP-05-2013-0039.
- Serge Chaumier, Anne Krebs et Mélanie Roustan. Les visiteurs photographes. Un outil pour penser le musée, La Documentation française, pp.49-56, 2013, Musées-Mondes, 2110092122
- Ateca-Amestoy, Victoria and Juan Prieto-Rodriguez (2013) ‘Forecasting accuracy of behavioural models for participation in the arts’ in European Journal of Operational Research. 229(1):124-131.
- Benghozi, Pierre-Jean, and Francoise Benhamou (2010) ‘The Long Tail: Myth or Reality?’ in International Journal of Arts Management. 12(3):43-53.
- Bruns, Axel (2013) ‘From prosumtion to produsage’ in Towse, Ruth and Christian Handke (eds.) Handbook of the Digital Creative Economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
The digital experience of museums
editSituation | Positive | Negative |
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Content of museums is more and more accessible online. The space and territory of museums is changing, it is acquiring new dimensions and it is providing new experiences to its audience. |
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- Addis, M. (2002). Nuove tecnologie e consumo di prodotti artistici e culturali: Verso l’edutainment. Micro & Macro Marketing, 11(1), 33–59.
- D’Alba, A., Jones, G., & Wright, R. (2015). Comparative analysis of visitors’ experiences and knowledge acquisition between a 3 dimensional online and a real-world art museum tour. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 24(1), 5–22.
- Economou, M. (2008). A world of interactive exhibits. In P. Marty & K. B. Jones (Eds.), Museum informatics. People, information, and technology in museums (pp. 137–156). New York: Routledge.
- Hooper-Greenhill, E. (1992). Museums and the shaping of knowledge. London: Routledge.
- Juanals, Brigitte (2016). Museums as Reterritorialization Spaces in the Digital Age: Between Knowledge Publishing and Institutional Communication. International Journal of the Inclusive Museum . 2016, Vol. 9 Issue 2, p19-26. 8p.
- Levent, N., Knight, H., Chan, S., & Hammer, R. L. (2014). Technology, senses, and the future of museums. In N. Levent & A. Pascual-Leone (Eds.), The multisensory museum, cross-disciplinary perspectives on touch, sound, smell, memory, and space (pp. 341–348). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
- Mancini, F. (2008). Usability of virtual museums and the diffusion of cultural heritage: Reflexions on virtual and real exhibits design, for public education and entertainment. Barcelona, Spain: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya.
- Marty, Paul (2007) ‘Museum Websites and Museum Visitors: Before and After the Museum Visit’ in Museum Management and Curatorship. 22(4):337-360.* Rashid, H. (1999). The museum as a digital experience. Paper read at Proceedings of the ICOMON meetings held in Madrid, Spain, 1999.
- Schnabel, M. A., & Aydin, S. (2015). Amphiboly of digital heritage: Why to create authenticity through gamification. In Digital Heritage 2015, Granada, Spain.
- Settis, S. (2002). L’illusione dei beni digitali. In Bollettino ICR: Nuova Serie (n. 5, pp. 18–20). Roma.
- Zimmer, R. (2008). Touch technologies and museum access. In H. Chatterjee (Ed.), Touch in museums: Policy and practice in object handling (pp. 150–162). Oxford, England: Berg.
- Nguyen, Godefroy, Sylvain Dejean and Francois Moreau (2014) ‘On the complementarity between online and offline music consumption: the case of free streaming’ in Journal of Cultural Economics. 38(4):315-330.
- Vallbe, Joan-Josep, et al., (2015) ‘Knocking on Heaven’s Door. User preferences on digital cultural distribution’ working paper available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2630519 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2630519 .
Income from the "rights" of GLAMs
editSituation | Positive | Negative |
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Some institutions sell reproductions (images) of their collections. If they upload images on Wikimedia Commons they will limit or eliminate the possibility of selling images. |
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- Rapport d’activité et livret financier de la Réunion des Musées Nationaux Grand Palais, 2010 et 2011. http://rmn.fr/francais/la-rmn-gp/les-rapports-d-activite
- Melanie Dulong de Rosnay, M. (2013). Les politiques institutionnelles, entre restrictions contractuelles et collaboration avec des sites de partage, in dir. Serge Chaumier, Anne Krebs et Mélanie Roustan, Les visiteurs photographes. Un outil pour penser le musée, La Documentation française, Collection Musées-Mondes, p. 49-56, 2013. Reference to the Rapport d’activité et livret financier de la Réunion des Musées Nationaux Grand Palais, 2010 et 2011. http://rmn.fr/francais/la-rmn-gp/les-rapports-d-activite (page 4-5).
- Petri, G., (2014). The Public Domain vs. the Museum: The Limits of Copyright and Reproductions of Two-dimensional Works of Art. Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies. 12(1), p.Art. 8. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/jcms.1021217
- Siegal, N. (2013) Masterworks for One and All in The New York Times, 28 May 2013.
- Tanner, S. (2004). Reproduction charging models & rights policy for digital images in American art museums, a Mellon Foundation Study, King's College London. King's Digital Consultancy Services, 2004.
- Lewis, C. "V&A Scraps Image Reproduction Fees for Academic Publications" 24 Hour Museum. Published December 2006 at http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/nwh_gfx_en/ART41936.html (Accessed 6th January 2009)
- Wall, G. “Business model issues in the development of digital cultural content”. First Monday, volume 8, number 5. Published May 2003 at http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/1056/976. (Accessed 29th January 2009).
- Bray, P., Open Licensing and the Future for Collections. In J. Trant and D. Bearman (eds). Museums and the Web 2009: Proceedings. Toronto: Archives & Museum Informatics. Published March 31, 2009. Consulted July 27, 2016. http://www.archimuse.com/mw2009/papers/bray/bray.html
- Frey, Bruno and Stephan Meier (2006) ‘The economics of museum’ in Ginsburgh, Victor and David Throsby (eds.) Handbook of the economics of art and culture. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp.1017-1047.
- Johnson, Peter and Barry Thomas (1998) ‘The Economics of Museums: A Research Perspective’ in Journal of Cultural Economics. 22(2):75-85.
Institution | Year | Income from "rights" | Source |
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Photo agency of the Réunion des Musées Nationaux (France) | 2010 | 3% of all income on rights associated to images | (Dulong de Rosnay 2013) |
Réunion des Musées Nationaux (France) | 2011 | (Dulong de Rosnay 2013) | |
Réunion des Musées Nationaux (France) uses a "société de gestion" des droits de reproduction des collections des musées nationaux | 2010 | 57% of all income from the selling of derivative works | (Dulong de Rosnay 2013) |
Bibliothèque nationale et universitaire (BNU) de Strasbourg | General | Around 3000€ per year | http://alatoisondor.wordpress.com/2012/03/21/il-est-de-notre-mission-de-service-public/ (Dulong de Rosnay 2013) |
Institution | Year | Fee | Source |
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The Getty Research Institute and the J. Paul Getty Museum Collection Image Fees | 2016 | 15-200 $
Up to 500 $ for covers |
http://getty.edu/legal/image_request/fees_schedule.pdf |
Example | Example | Example | Example |
Example | Example | Example | Example |
Intangible cultural heritage
editSituation | Positive | Negative |
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The importance of preserving and valorizing intangible cultural heritage is more and more acknowledged by policies and law. Digital content can be considered as intangible cultural heritage, it can contribute to preserve and valorize intangible cultural heritage and it can contribute to preserve and valorize all cultural heritage (which digitally becomes intangible). |
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- Del Barrio, M. J., Devesa, M., & Herrero, L. C. (2012). Evaluating intangible cultural heritage: The case of cultural festivals. City, Culture and Society, 3, 235–244.
- Irace, F. (2013). “Digitalization takes Command”. In: Design & Cultural Heritage: Immateriale Virtuale Interattivo. Ed. by F. Irace. Milano: Electa.
- Lixinski, L. (2013). Intangible cultural heritage in international law. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
- Tucci, R. (2013). Beni culturali immateriali, patrimonio immateriale: Qualche riflessione fra dicotomie, prassi, valorizzazione e sviluppo. Voci, 10, 183–190.
Postcolonial heritage, heritage in danger and the shaping of history, memory and cultural heritage
edit- Adair, B., Filene, B., & Koloski, L. (Eds.). (2011). Letting go? Sharing historical authority in a user-generated world. Philadelphia: The Pew Center for Arts & Heritage.
- Ashworth, G. J., Tunbridge, J. E., & Graham, B. J. (2007). Pluralising pasts: Heritage, identity and place in multicultural societies. London: Pluto.
- Benard, C. (2012). Mes Aynak ARCH—Alliance for the restoration of cultural heritage. White paper. Retrieved August 7, 2015, from http://www.archinternational.org/mes_aynak.html.
- Bloch, H. (2015, September 10) Mega copper deal in Afghanistan fuels rush to save ancient treasures. National Geographic. Retrieved from http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2015/09/mes-aynak/bloch-text.
- Brodie, N., Doole, J., & Renfrew, C. (2001). Trade in illicit antiquities: The destruction of the world’s archaeological heritage. Cambridge, England: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
- Brodie, N., Kersel, M. M., Luke, C., & Tubb, K. W. (Eds.). (2006). Archaeology, cultural heritage, and the antiquities trade (Cultural heritage studies). Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida.
- Florenzano, M., Courel, M.-F., & De Domenico, F. (2010). Digitally conserving an endangered built heritage in Kashgar, an oasis city of the Taklimakan. Paper read at 1st WATARID International Conference on Water, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development in Arid and Semi-Arid Areas, WATARID 2006, 9–15 October 2006, at Urumqi, China.
- Francioni, F. (2008). Culture, heritage, and human rights: An introduction. In F. Francioni & M. Scheinin (Eds.), Cultural human rights. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff.
- Iacovino, L. (2015). Shaping and reshaping cultural identity and memory: Maximising human rights through a participatory archive. Archives and Manuscripts., 43(1), 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01576895.2014.961491.
- Legêne, S. (2008). Flatirons and the folds of history. On archives, cultural heritage and colonial legacies. In S. Wieringa (Ed.), Traveling heritages. New perspectives on collecting, preserving and sharing women’s history (pp. 47–64). Amsterdam: Askant.
- Loh, L. (2010). Conserving for change. Journal of Architectural Education, 63(2), 71–73.
- Silberman, N., & Purser, M. (2012). Collective memory as affirmation: People-centred cultural heritage in a digital age. In E. Giaccardi (Ed.), Heritage and social media: Understanding heritage in a participatory culture (pp. 13–39). London: Routledge.
- Silverman, H., & Ruggles, D. F. (Eds.). (2007). Cultural heritage and human rights. New York: Springer.
- Ranaivoson, Heritiana, Does the Consumer Value Diversity? How the Economists' Standard Hypothesis is Being Challenged (December 14, 2012). in Vecco M. (Ed.), The Consumption of Culture, The Culture of Consumption. A Collection of Contributions on Cultural Consumption and Cultural Markets, Lambert Academic Publishing, p.70-95.
With reference to Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons or other Wikimedia projects
editArgument | Sources |
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Wikipedia and the Wikimedia projects enhance the visibility of content. |
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The community will contribute to improve content (i.e. restoring images, correcting and enriching captions...). User-generated content, crowdsourcing, community engagement, active audiences... |
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- Ayers, Phoebe. (2014). Wikipedia, User-Generated Content, and the Future of Reference Sources. In Reimagining Reference in the 21st Century Location: Purdue Univeristy Press. UC Davis: Retrieved from: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/4sm4b8w2
- Bertacchini, Enrico and Federico Morando (2013). The Future of Museums in the Digital Age: New Models of Access and Use of Digital Collections in International Journal of Arts Management, Vol. 15(2), 60-72.
- Borowiecki Karol J. and Navarrete Trilce (2015) "Change in Access after Digitization: Ethnographic Collections in Wikipedia" in ACEI working papers http://www.culturaleconomics.org/awp/AWP-10-2015.pdf
- Byrd Phillips, Lori (2011), To Wiki or Not to Wiki?, Museum, 2011.
- Cabris, Amandine (2015). Contribuer et collaborer aux projets Wikimedia. Trois exemples de partenariats d’institutions Archives-Bibliothèques suisses avec Wikimedia CH. Travail de certificat pour un Certificate of Advanced Studies en Archivistique, Bibliothéconomie et Sciences de l’information. Université de Berne, Historisches Institut et Université de Lausanne, Faculté des Lettres.
- Dulong de Rosnay, Melanie (2013). Les politiques institutionnelles, entre restrictions contractuelles et collaboration avec des sites de partage. Serge Chaumier, Anne Krebs et Mélanie Roustan. Les visiteurs photographes. Un outil pour penser le musée, La Documentation française, pp.49-56, 2013, Musées-Mondes, 2110092122. <hal-00833471>
- Dupuy, Alain, Brigitte Juanals, Jean-Luc Minel. Towards open museums: The interconnection of digital and physical spaces in open environments. MW2015:Museums and the Web 2105, Apr 2015, Chicago, United States. 2015, <http://mw2015.museumsandtheweb.com/program/>. <halshs-01141362>
- Ebongué, Chantal. Wikipédia et musées : comment collaborer. Mémoire rédigé pour l’obtention du Certificat du cours de base en muséologie 2015-2016
- Fouseki, K. & Vacharopoulou, K., (2013). Digital Museum Collections and Social Media: Ethical Considerations of Ownership and Use. Journal of Conservation and Museum Studies. 11(1), p.Art. 5. DOI: http://doi.org/10.5334/jcms.1021209
- Galloway, Ed; DellaCorte, Cassandra (2014). Increasing the Discoverability of Digital Collections Using Wikipedia: The Pitt Experience. Pennsylvania Libraries2.1 (2014): 84-96.
- Guillaume Rey-Bellet (2016), Les institutions culturelles en coopération avec les communautés en ligne. L’exemple du Wikipédien en résidence, Test Journal, Vol 4, No 1 (2016).
- Holley, R. (2009). Crowdsourcing and social engagement: potential, power and freedom for libraries and users.
- Lally, A.M., Carolyn E. Dunford (2007). Using Wikipedia to Extend Digital Collections, D-Lib Magazine.
- León Rojas, Juan Miguel (2012). El museo y las arquitecturas de conocimiento libre. Museos.es, n.º 7-8, 2012, pp. 44-65. DOI: 10.4438/2387-0958-MU-2011-2012-7-8-22. © CC BY 3.0.
- Machefert, Sylvain (2015). Improving the articles about modern art in Wikipedia: a partnership between Wikimédia France and the Pompidou Centre. Art Libraries Journal, 40, pp 34-40. doi:10.1017/S030747220000033X.
- Ortega, José-Felipe (2012). Open Collaboration: el movimiento colaborativo como motor para la innovación. In V Jornada Profesional de la RBIC: «Conocimiento para la innovación: espacios que exploran una democracia más abierta» , Instituto Cervantes (Madrid, España), 2012/12/14
- Pensa, Iolanda (2012) Creative Commons and Wikipedia as new productive paradigms for cultural institutions. The experience of the project Share Your Knowledge/ Creative Commons e Wikipedia come nuovi strumenti produttivi per le istituzioni culturali. L’esperienza del progetto Share Your Knowledge. In: STS Italia National conference (Italian Society of Science and Technology Studies): Emerging Technologies, Social Worlds, 21-23 June 2012, Rovigo, in partnership with CIGA of the University of Padua (Centre for Environmental Law Decisions and Corporate Ethical Certification). (Unpublished)
- Pouchot, Stéphanie (2015), Rafael Peregrina. GLAM et projets Wikimedia : des cordonniers mal chaussés ?. Arbido, Sekretariat SVD/ASD, 2015, GLAM und/et/e Wikimedia, pp. 16-18. <sic_01197306>
- Saorín, Tomás (2013) Iniciativas GLAM-Wiki: Wikipedia como oportunidad para instituciones culturales. Anuario ThinkEPI, 2013, vol. 7, pp. 78-85. [Journal article (Print/Paginated)]
- Walker, D. (2016). Towards the collaborative museum? Social media, participation, disciplinary experts and the public in the contemporary museum (doctoral thesis, University of Cambridge).
- Wyatt, Liam (2011). Wikipedia & Museums: Community Curation. Uncommon Culture [Online], 2.1 (2011): 33-41. Web. 26 Jul. 2016
- Warming Up to the Culture of Wikipedia, The New York Times (March 19, 2014)
Libraries
editIssues related to databases, metadata, linked data...
- Susanna Giaccai (2016). Wikipedia: un esempio di alleanze delle biblioteche, 2013.
- Maria Rosaria Califfato (2016). Un'esperienza di apprendimento organizzativo attraverso l'uso di Wikipedia, «Bibliotime», anno XIX, numero 1 (marzo 2016).
- Chiara Cauzzi, Valeria De Francesca, Lisa Longhi, Federica Viazzi (2016). Conoscersi per riconoscersi: la partecipazione come specchio del bibliotecario, AIB Studi, V. 56, N. 2 (2016).
- K.J. Borowiecki et al. (eds.), (2016). Cultural Heritage in a Changing World, Springer Open.
- Anna Lucarelli (2014). Wikipedia loves libraries: in Italia è un amore corrisposto..., AIB Studi, V. 54, N. 2/3 (2014).
- Virginia Gentilini, Andrea Zanni (2013). Bibliotecari e wikipediani, alleati insospettabili, Vedianche - Notiziario della Sezione Ligure dell'Associazione Italiana Biblioteche, Numero 1 Vol. 23 Anno 2013 ISSN 2281-0617.
- Susanna Giaccai (2013). Biblioteche e Wikipedia, prove di collaborazione, Le Stelline, Milano 14 marzo 2013.
- Danielle Elder, R. Niccole Westbrook, Michele Reilly (2012). Wikipedia Lover, Not a Hater: Harnessing Wikipedia to Increase the Discoverability of Library Resources, Journal of Web Librarianship, 2012.
- Tomás Saorín, Emilio José Rodríguez Posada (2012). Análisis de enlaces hacia Bibliotecas y Archivos Digitales de Patrimonio Cultural desde Wikipedia, BiD: textos universitaris de biblioteconomia i documentación, 2012.
Images on Wikimedia Commons
edit- Tomás Saorín, Juan-Antonio Pastor-Sánchez, Bancos de imágenes para proyectos enciclopédicos: el caso de Wikimedia Commons, El profesional de la información, 2011.
- Erik Moeller, Enriching Wikimedia Commons: A Virtuous Circle, Wikimedia Foundation Blog, January 27th, 2010.
Wikipedian in residence
edit- How Wikipedians-in-Residence Are Opening Up Cultural Institutions, The Atlantic (June 16, 2011)
Wiki Loves Monuments
edit- Italian cultural heritage on the Wikimedia projects (with relevant bibliography)
Specific national situations
edit[Please add only papers or articles with an international relevance.]
France
edit- Improving modern art articles on Wikipedia, a partnership between Wikimédia France and Centre Georges Pompidou is a 2014 conference paper written in French by Sylvain Machefert and published in Préconférence IFLA 2014 - Bibliothèques d'art.
Italy
edit- Di Giorgio, S. (2014). Culturaitalia, the Italian national content aggregator in Europeana. Procedia Computer Science, 38, 40–43.
- Gentilini, V. (2012) Librarians are Wikipedians Too. La collaborazione tra biblioteche e progetti wiki, vista dall'Italia, «Bibliotime», anno XV, numero 3 (novembre 2012).
- Guccio, C., Marco Ferdinando Martorana, Isidoro Mazza, and Ilde Rizzo (2016). Technology and Public Access to Cultural Heritage: The Italian Experience on ICT for Public Historical Archives in K.J. Borowiecki et al. (eds.), Cultural Heritage in a Changing World.
- Marras, Anna Maria, Maria Gerolama Messina, Donatella Mureddu, and Elena Romoli (2016). A Case Study of an Inclusive Museum: The National Archaeological Museum of Cagliari Becomes “Liquid” in K.J. Borowiecki et al. (eds.), Cultural Heritage in a Changing World.
- MiBACT. (2014). Culture in Italy—Basic figures 2014. Roma: Gangemi Editore.
BNCF
edit- Anna Lucarelli, Nuove scommesse della BNCF: Wikipediani in residence, Wikisource e altro ancora, DigItalia, 2015.
- Chiara Consonni; Federico Leva, Progetto GLAM/BEIC: la collaborazione tra Fondazione BEIC e Wikimedia Italia, «Biblioteche oggi», 33 (2015), n. 3, p. 47-50.
The Netherlands
edit- Beumer, M. (2009). Capturing museum knowledge. A twenty year evolution in digitally recording the Tropenmuseum collection. Amsterdam: KIT Publishers.
- Navarrete, T. (2009). An outsider’s perspective. In M. Beumer (Ed.), Capturing museum knowledge. A twenty year evolution in digitally recording the Tropenmuseum collection (pp. 69–78). Amsterdam: KIT Publishers.
- Pekel, J. (2014). Democratising the Risjksmuseum: Why did the Rijksmuseum make available their highest quality material without restrictions, and what are the results? url: http://pro.europeana.eu/documents/858566/858665/Democratising+the+Rijksmuseum (cit. on p. 286).
- Brinkerink, Maarten (2015) ‘Dutch Cultural Heritage Reaches Millions Every Month’ in Research & Development Blog. 17 June 2015. Available at http://www.beeldengeluid.nl/en/blogs/research-amp-development-en/201506/dutch- cultural-heritage-reaches-millions-every-month.
- Ongena, Guido, Erik Huizer and Lidwien van de Wijngaert (2012) ‘Threats and opportunities for new audiovidual cultural heritage archive services: the Dutch case’ in Telematics and Informatics. 29(2):156-165.
Switzerland
edit- Estermann, B. Swiss Heritage Institutions in the Internet Era. Results of a pilot survey on open data and crowdsourcing, Bern University of Applied Sciences, E-Government Institute, Bern, 26 July 2013.
United States of America
edit- Bowen, Jonathan and Tula Giannini (2014). The Brooklyn Visual Heritage Website: Brooklyn’s Museums and Libraries Collaborate for Project CHART, MW2014: Museums and the Web 2014.
- Kalfatovic, M. R., Kapsalis, E., Spiess, K. P., Van Camp, A., & Edson, M. (2009). Smithsonian Team Flickr: A library, archives, and museums collaboration in web 2.0 space. Archival Science, 8(4), 267–277.
- Spingarn-Koff, J. (2000). Guggenheim going virtual. Retrieved August 28, 2015, from http:// archive.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/2000/06/36741
- Springer, M., Dulabahn, B., Michel, P., Natanson, B., Resser, D., Woodward, D. and Zinkham, H. “For the Common Good: The Library of Congress Flickr Pilot Project”. Published October 30, 2008 at http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/flickr_report_final.pdf. (Accessed 20th December 2008)
United Kingdom
edit- Venerable British Museum Enlists in the Wikipedia Revolution, The New York Times (June 4, 2010)
Copyrights and other relevant laws related to GLAMs and cultural heritage
editIssues related to GLAMs and copyrights are efficiently summarized on GLAM/Media rights and usage on Commons which explains what can be uploaded or not by GLAMs on the Wikimedia projects (more specifically on Wikimedia Common and Wikipedia).
- De Angelis, D. (2009). “Brevi note in tema di applicabilità delle licenze Creative Commons ai beni pubblici culturali”. In: DigItalia 2, pp. 9– 23, 61–73. url: http://digitalia.sbn.it/article/view/294 (visited on 08/05/2014).
- Waelde, C., & Cummings, C. (2015). RICHES: Digital copyrights framework. Retrieved from http://www.digitalmeetsculture.net/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/RICHES-D2.2-Digital- CopyrightsFramework_public.pdf
- Yu, P. K. (2004). Intellectual property at a crossroads: Why history matters. 38 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 1.
- Bray, Open Licensing and the Future for Collections, in J. Trant e D. Bearman (eds), Museums and the Web 2009: Proceedings, Toronto: Archives & Museum Informatics, 2009. (Disponibile su http://www.archimuse.com/mw2009/.
- Melissa Brown, Kenneth Crews, “Control of Museum Art Images: The Reach and Limits of Copyright and Licensing”, Kur and Vytautas Mizaras, eds, The structure of intellectual property law, Edward Elgar, 2011, pp. 269-284.
- Pantolony, R.E. “WIPO Guide on Managing Intellectual Property for Museums”. Published August 2007 at http://www.wipo.int/copyright/en/museums_ip/guide.html#P1163_177855. (Accessed 6th January 2009)
Advantages of open data
edit- Sahuguet, A & D. Sangokoya (2015). A “calculus” for open data. medium .com https://medium.com/@sahuguet/p-b-d-c-1218ee894400#.e303c7tfe (last visited 31.05.2016).
- Manyika, J. and Michael Chui, Diana Farrell, Steve Van Kuiken, Peter Groves, and Elizabeth Almasi Doshi (2013). Open data: Unlocking innovation and performance with liquid information. Report. McKinsey Global Institute.
Advocating for the public domain
editWorks explaining why the public domain must be defended and expanded. Relevant to monuments and collections and to claims of copyright on scans and reproductions.
Please refer more specifically to GLAM/GLAMs and the Public Domain to understand why the issue of public domain is so central.
- Melanie Dulong de Rosnay. Access to digital collections of public domain works: Enclosure of the commons managed by libraries and museums. 13th Biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of the Commons (IASC), Jan 2011, Hyderabad, India. pp.11, 2011. <halshs-00671628>
- Severine Dusollier. Scoping Study on Copyright and Related Rights and the Public Domain. World Intellectual Property Organisation Publication, March 2011. <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2135208>.
- Paul J. Heald. The Public Domain. 2013-12-03. In: The Law and Economics of Copyright, a cura di Richard Watt. Routledge, 2014. <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2362983>.
- Leonhard Dobusch. The Digital Public Domain: Relevance and Regulation. 2011-11-15. «HIIG Discussion Paper Series», No. 2012-02. <http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2011815>.
- Melanie Dulong De Rosnay – Juan Carlos De Martin (a cura di). The Digital Public Domain: Foundations for an Open Culture. 2012. <http://porto.polito.it/2504638/>.
- Randal C. Picker. Access and the Public Domain. 2013-02-08. «University of Chicago Institute for Law & Economics Olin Research Papers», No. 631. <http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2214176>.
- Alex Clark – Brenda Chawner. Enclosing the public domain: The restriction of public domain books in a digital environment. «First Monday», [S.l.], may. 2014. ISSN 13960466. <http://journals.uic.edu/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/4975>. doi:10.5210/fm.v19i6.4975.
- Jennifer Jenkins. In Ambiguous Battle: The Promise (And Pathos) Of Public Domain Day. «Duke Law & Technology Review», 1-24 (2013). <http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/dltr/vol12/iss1/1>.
- Lawrence Lessig (2006). Re-crafting a Public Domain. «Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities», Vol. 18, Iss. 3, Article 4. <http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/yjlh/vol18/iss3/4>.
- Leva, F. (2014). Dalle opere orfane, un nuovo ruolo delle biblioteche per il pubblico dominio e l'utilità sociale, DigItalia, vol. 4.
Rights related to the photos of artworks
edit- Antonella De Robbio, "Fotografie di opere d’arte: tra titolarità, pubblico dominio, diritti di riproduzione, privacy", «DigItalia», anno 2014, vol. 1 ISSN: 1972-621X
Freedom of panorama
editPlease refer to w:en:Freedom of panorama
- File:HEC-NYU Wikimedia Freedom of Panoram Report.pdf, 2015.
- Antonella De Robbio, Accesso aperto e diritti: un difficile equilibrio tra tutele e libertà, «Bibliotime», anno XVI, numero 3 (novembre 2013).
- Federico Morando, Cultural Heritage Rights and Open Licenses (i.e. How a Ministerial Decree Can Obliterate the Public Domain in a Country, «Quaderni del Centro Studi Magna Grecia, Università degli Studi di Napoli, Federico II», 2011.
- G. Resta, Chi è proprietario delle piramidi? L’immagine dei beni tra property e commons, in Politica del diritto, 4, 2009, 567-604.
- M. Modolo, Il sogno infranto delle libere riproduzioni. Il Giornale dell’Arte, 345, 2014.
Photos of archeological sites
edit- M. Serlorenzi, V. Boi, I. Jovine, M. Stacca (in press). Open Data in archeologia. Una questione giuridica o culturale? In Grossi, P. (ed.). Atti del IX Workshop ArcheoFOSS. Archeologia e Calcolatori, Supplemento 7.
- M. Trabucco, Pubblico ma non pubblico: prospettive normative sulla proprietà intellettuale dei dati archeologici. In Cignoni P., Palombini A. & Pescarin S. (eds.), Atti del IV Workshop ArcheoFOSS. Archeologia e Calcolatori 2009, Supplemento 2. pp. 65-70.
Specific national situations
edit- Italian cultural heritage on the Wikimedia projects (with relevant bibliography)
Issues emerging in discussing with GLAMs about their contribution to Wikipedia
editCritique | Sources |
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You can not rely on Wikipedia (this is why it is not possible to quote Wikipedia in universities. |
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People can continue to modify articles. If we - experts - contribute to Wikipedia we need the articles to be blocked or to remain as they are.
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Papers related to the quality associated to the number of contributors (the more an article is edited the more it tends to be enriched and reviewed).
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If we release content under the cc by-sa license we authorize other people to use the documentation without knowing it and without approving the use.
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Official documents and laws
edit- Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. (1994).
- Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works. (1886).
- WIPO Copyright Treaty. (1996).
- European Commission. (2011). Commission recommendation of 27 October 2011 on the digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material and digital preservation. Official Journal of the European Union, 54.
- European Commission. (2014). Cultural heritage. Digitisation, online accessibility and digital preservation. Report on the Implementation of Commission Recommendation 2011/711/EU. Progress report 2011–2013. Retrieved December 7, 2015, from ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/ document.cfm?doc_id¼9745
- Council Directive 2013/37/EU3 on re-use of public sector information.
- Council Directive 2003/98/EC1 on the re-use of public sector information.
- Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.
- Directive 2011/77/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 September 2011 amending Directive 2006/116/EC on the term of protection of copyright and certain related rights.
- Directive 2012/28/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on certain permitted uses of orphan works.
- Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society. Directive 2006/115/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 December 2006 on rental right and lending right and on certain rights related to copyright in the field of intellectual property (codified version).
- Directive 96/9/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 1996 on the legal protection of databases.
- Directive 2004/48/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 on the enforcement of intellectual property rights.
- Dal 28 gennaio 2016 il ‘wikipediano’ è una figura riconosciuta dalla norma UNI 11621-3 relativa alle Attività professionali non regolamentate – Profili professionali per l’ICT: <http://www.skillprofiles.eu/ stable/g3/profiles/WSP-G3-025.pdf>.
- UNESCO. (1954, May 14). Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict with regulations for the execution of the convention 1954. First Protocol, The Hague.
- UNESCO. (1999, March 26). Convention for the protection of cultural property in the event of armed conflict with regulations for the execution of the convention 1954. Second Protocol, The Hague.
Other online resources
edit- Research:Resources
- GLAM on wikipapers referata http://wikipapers.referata.com/wiki/Galleries,_Libraries,_Archives_%26_Museums
- A list of Wiki GLAM activities with indicators outreach:GLAM/Evaluation of GLAM-Outreach Activities, GLAM/Indicators of Success
- For examples of GLAM Wiki activities and projects: GLAM/Repository, GLAM/Case studies, GLAM/Model projects
- Leafleats, videos and other reading and communication tools relevant to involve GLAMs in contributing to the Wikipedia projects and to explain what GLAM Wiki projects and Wikipedians in residence are w:en:Wikipedia:GLAM/Bookshelf
- Press coverage session (very short in July 2016) on the GLAM page on Wikipedia in English.
- http://www.museumsandtheweb.com/bibliography/