GLAM/分享知識
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透過 GLAM 合作夥伴關係嚟分享制度知識
維基百科，同埋越嚟越多嘅其他維基媒體項目，例如維基共享、維基數據同維基來源，提供咗同世界分享知識嘅強大平台：佢哋定期喺 Google 搜尋中搵到自己嘅位置，而且喺其他網絡應用程式入面廣泛重用。然而，儘管維基媒體項目無處不在同埋可以靈活噉增加知識嘅獲取，但係維基媒體項目仍然存在相當大嘅內容差距：由系統性嘅［http://tools.dicare.org/gaps/gender.php 女性覆蓋率不足］，到非西方文化同社區嘅代表性差，到專業知識嘅重大差距。
畫廊、圖書館、檔案館同博物館（GLAM）經常同維基媒體社群合作，幫助填補呢啲空白，增加佢哋策劃同收集嘅知識嘅代表性， GLAM 唔單止可以同維基媒體社群合作，嚟介紹佢哋機構獨有嘅知識，仲可以推廣埋同佢哋合作嘅專家代表社群所收集嘅知識。
維基媒體社群可以點樣幫助 GLAM 分享佢哋嘅知識？
雖然圖書館同博物館專業文獻嘅早期個案研究將維基媒體同維基百科嘅使用限制喺只係「加入條拎」去機構網站，以增加知識嘅可見性，但係近十年嘅同國際維基媒體社群嘅夥伴關係同實踐顯示，更深層次嘅夥伴關係可以創造更有影響力嘅成果。 呢啲夥伴關係最受益於每個組織帶嚟嘅技能：維基媒體社群可以提供有效嘅群眾外包知識同埋強大嘅分享知識平台； 同埋 GLAM 機構提供尋找來源嘅專業知識，主題，同埋同公眾興趣同尋求資訊嘅人最相關嘅材料。
夥伴關係模式通常分為兩大類型：使用數碼化收藏（撳呢條拎嚟了解多啲），同埋分享由機構策劃嘅其他種類嘅知識。呢個頁面會講解後者嘅戰術。維基媒體社群通常可以為呢啲知識夥伴關係帶嚟一套重要嘅技能，包括：
- 啟動網上義工社群，為主題作出貢獻
- 喺親身活動入面教點樣為維基媒體項目作出貢獻
- 同機構工作人員合作，提高使用維基媒體項目嘅技能同能力。
- 設計啲計劃，令到現有嘅義工社群或者仲未參與維基媒體項目嘅教育社群參與
以下係整個維基媒體社群嘅畸士研究，介紹呢類活動。維基媒體社群通常有支援唔同層面或者程度嘅知識分享活動嘅經驗，但係國際社群有例子、工具同其他資源可以幫你開始。如果想知道更多有關你本地義工社群嘅資訊，請聯絡你本地嘅維基媒體聯盟，或者聯絡你哋區嘅GLAM-Wiki 義工。
編輯馬拉松、工作坊同後台活動
文化遺產機構通常被稱為「編輯馬拉松」或者「後台通行證」，為咗為維基媒體項目作出貢獻，佢哋經常會舉辦維基媒體義工、機構義工同工作人員嘅聚會。雖然呢啲維基媒體貢獻活動唔一定會導致大量內容嘅創作，但係佢哋係創造同進一步維基媒體項目嘅制度努力相關嘅興趣、精力同技能嘅好機會。
當呢啲貢獻活動集中喺特定嘅主題或者主題嗰陣，同埋當佢哋為參與者提供某種類型嘅參與激勵，例如食物、存取通常唔會有嘅收藏嘅一部分、同對某個收藏有深入認識嘅策展人或者檔案員聯絡等等，通常會畀唔同嘅標題或者描述活動，視乎佢哋嘅重點而定：
- 編輯馬拉松通常主要係編輯維基媒體項目，包括建立新嘅維基百科文章同埋對現有文章作出變更
- 後台通行證通常會以「後台」探索機構收藏嘅特定部分為特色
- 培訓或者工作坊 – 雖然呢啲活動大部分都會包括一個簡短嘅介紹，講下點樣為項目作出貢獻，但係有啲活動明確係關於培訓或者發展技能，或者對維基媒體項目嘅某一部分嘅理解。
越來越多嘅捐款活動被用作分布式活動，喺有類似知識專長嘅機構之間進行，呢啲活動包括 Afrocrowd計劃同 Black lunch table (針對非洲外籍社區) 、 [$art femArt + Feminism]活動 (重點係藝術界嘅女性)，同埋其他圍繞 Wreiki嘅貢獻項目提供強大嘅場地同戰術部分嘅貢獻活動。
可擴充性:高度可擴充：編輯馬拉松係維基媒體社群同合作夥伴用嚟建立對項目嘅認識同識字嘅主要策略之一，而且，由於編輯馬拉松有助於喺 GLAM 同公眾中建立對維基媒體項目嘅認識同興奮，所以佢哋經常會創造有效嘅新聞媒體，亦可以引起對維基媒體項目嘅進一步興趣。
叉能廚: 喺編輯馬拉松上創作嘅內容規模會因應活動嘅參與者而有好大嘅差異。另外，編輯馬拉松需要主持人大量嘅後勤投資：溝通、廣告同埋喺贊助機構之間組織支援都需要額外嘅支援。
潛在盟友：文化組織；有培訓經驗嘅維基媒體人；圖書館員係呢啲活動嘅非常有價值嘅支持者：佢哋經常可以為呢個活動編寫適當嘅研究材料。
貼士、指南同埋工具
你應該喺邊度搵資源嚟開始編輯事件：試吓呢啲資源：
- 喺計劃同活動資訊主頁上面嘅編輯馬拉松訓練
- 維基百科：點樣舉辦編輯馬拉松 – 喺英文維基百科上面
- 透過外展維基嘅資源：Edit-a-thon
- 我哋已經開發咗唔同嘅培訓工具包嚟支援特定嘅受眾：
- Art+Feminism工具包: en:維基百科：聚會/藝術同女權主義/資源
- 系統性偏見工作坊套裝作為一個女性科學家編輯系列嘅一部分而創作
- 以科學為中心嘅科學編輯馬拉松嘅組織指南
- 一本為咗支援歐洲時裝編輯馬拉松而開發嘅手冊
- 2013年嘅一份關於資助資助嘅編輯馬拉松嘅影響嘅評估報告,同埋一份2015年嘅報告
- 編輯馬拉松嘅學習模式 -- 由經驗豐富嘅計劃領導人提供嘅跑編輯馬拉松嘅貼士同技巧
- 計劃同活動資訊主頁,呢個功能可以追蹤同指標事件嘅報告
- 以下係一啲實際嘅編輯馬拉松嘅例子；想知更多個案研究，請睇埋類別：編輯馬拉松畸士研究入面嘅頁面
72小時編輯馬拉松
編輯馬拉松通常係引起維基百科內容缺口嘅關注嘅好方法，亦都為 GLAM 機構提供一個真正好嘅機會去溝通佢哋點樣參與維基媒體項目。墨西哥城嘅 Soumaya 博物館同墨西哥維基媒體合作，透過舉辦一個關於藝術家羅丹嘅72小時編輯馬拉松，打破咗吉尼斯世界紀錄，呢個項目可以針對藝術家羅丹進行針對性嘅報導，同時亦可以創造國際同全國對佢哋對維基百科嘅貢獻嘅認識。
- 學多啲關於嘅維基媒體博客上嘅72小時編輯大賽
Art+Feminism
每年Art+Feminism主辦單位都會喺三月嘅女性歷史月期間支持一個以女性同藝術界嘅女權主義為重點嘅全球編輯馬拉松活動，呢個活動會支持世界各地嘅編輯馬拉松，作為一個針對性嘅方法去影響維基百科嘅性別差距。編輯馬拉松通常由當地嘅GLAM主辦，或者係同維基媒體人或者活動家合作嘅商業藝術館。呢啲活動喺引起人哋注意維基百科嘅性別內容同參與者差距方面特別有效；呢個項目嘅協調員正逐步學習點樣透過編輯馬拉松增加對項目嘅內容貢獻，而2017年嘅影響力係2016年嘅一倍以上。
- 要了解更多有關Art+Feminism嘅資訊，請睇埋［https://blog.wikimedia.org/2015/03/19/art-feminism-events/ 2015年嘅成果報告喺 WMF 博客上面］，當中包括有關項目其他文件嘅拎。
其他以活動/倡議為中心嘅團體，佢哋會部署類似嘅編輯大賽策略，包括AfroCrowd, Black Lunch Table, 同埋#100WikiWomen.
表面難搵嘅材料
大部分有 GLAM 嘅後台通行證同編輯馬拉松活動都會集中喺現有項目入面冇特別好記錄嘅收藏嘅特定部分（通常係只有喺特別收藏或者其他空間入面有可靠來源嘅主題）。例如，喺美國藝術檔案館，佢哋喺2011年舉辦咗一個活動，重點係一個特定嘅展覽，佢哋為呢個展覽舉行咗特定嘅材料，即係1913年嘅軍械庫展。 呢個狹窄嘅主題將活動嘅參與者集中喺維基百科貢獻者通常會錯咗一啲嘢。
- 如果想知道更多有關呢個編輯大賽嘅資訊，請睇埋呢個關於外展嘅畸士研究.
GLAM 專業人士為維基媒體項目作出貢獻
好多機構用嚟同維基媒體項目分享機構知識嘅其中一個策略，就係準備同埋參與機構工作人員喺項目本身。雖然喺機構公共資金壓力增加嘅時代，職員成日編輯可能冇意義，但係提供有針對性嘅方式，令機構職員可以作出貢獻，可以推動組織目標同專業需要。
有好多制度策略可以將呢種參與正式化：
- 舉辦員工培訓同埋貢獻工作坊
- 發起正式嘅捐款政策或者指引 (例如睇吓個 國家檔案館嘅指引同埋新南威爾士州立圖書館)
- 將維基數據、維基來源或者維基共享資源整合到數據或者數碼媒體計劃入面
另外，有好長嘅歷史，組織會聘請同組織合作嘅實習生或者義工，為維基媒體項目作出貢獻。
對於員工點樣參與維基媒體項目建立清晰嘅期望，可以提高呢類努力嘅成功率。例如，雖然專業文獻入面嘅早期個案研究主要係集中喺「只係加入條拎」去維基百科或者其他維基媒體項目（[例如http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march13/szajewski/03szajewski.html]），但係呢個喺某啲維基媒體社群入面並唔係好受歡迎。相反，最佳做法係畀有薪職員貢獻知識，而唔單止係喺機構儲存嘅知識，包括引用同埋連結去某個主題嘅所有最佳研究材料，就算呢個主題唔係由機構持有。
有關專業人士喺維基媒體項目嘅機構資源加入連結同引用嘅更多指引，可以喺英文維基百科呢個頁面搵到。
可擴充性: 職員嘅貢獻係根據興趣同能力而受到限制；同專業網絡合作，將維基媒體項目整合到好多機構嘅職員培訓入面，可以加強呢項工作嘅範圍同範圍。
叉能廚: 機構工作人員通常都係超能力；要求佢哋投入時間喺維基媒體項目上可能會導致挑戰。參與維基媒體項目同其他形式嘅機構工作人員嘅專業工作唔同：學習社區動態可能會有挑戰，亦需要調整對工作時間嘅期望。
潛在盟友: 可以為大型社區嘅員工提供專業發展嘅專業網絡；喺組織內部，通常會有傾向數碼或者面向公眾嘅員工嘅興趣。
新南威爾士州立圖書館
為維基媒體項目作出貢獻嘅職員嘅其中一個主要模式係新南威爾士州立圖書館嘅工作。新南威爾士州立圖書館嘅工作人員同一個機構工作小組合作，制定咗一個內部政策，將維基媒體項目作為現有項目同工作流程嘅一部分，工作人員利用呢個政策，為好多唔同嘅項目作出貢獻，包括一個幾乎全面嘅第一次世界大戰嘅澳洲日記作家名單嘅項目。
加泰羅尼亞嘅公共圖書館網絡
加泰羅尼亞嘅公共圖書館網絡有個叫做「Bibliowiki」嘅計劃，圖書館會因為喺佢哋嘅機構舉辦以維基媒體為重點嘅節目而獲得認可，包括編輯馬拉松、以本地作者同社區遺產為主題嘅工作坊，同埋當圖書館定期舉辦活動嗰陣，佢哋會收到貼紙，認為佢哋係「圖書館」（大致上係「 Bibliowiki 」）。另外，每年佢哋都會用 #1lib1ref 活動作為一種方法，嚟引起其他圖書館員對為維基媒體項目作出貢獻嘅興趣。呢個策略令到超過200間圖書館可以參與呢個計劃，定期舉辦活動同參與，以支持加泰羅尼亞維基百科同埋喺維基媒體項目上代表加泰羅尼亞文化。
- 喺呢個個案研究入面，可以瞭解多啲有關項目嘅發展。
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普里茨克軍事博物館同圖書館
芝加哥嘅普利茨克軍事博物館同圖書館多年嚟一直將佢哋嘅工作集中喺 GLAM-Wiki 嘅合作者身上，積極努力改善佢哋擁有獨特或特別收藏嘅主題嘅覆蓋範圍。例如，呢個組織嘅工作人員喺幾年嘅時間裏面同學生實習生合作，喺維基百科加入有關美國第一次世界大戰歌曲嘅內容，呢個有針對性嘅內容可以增加對稀有收藏嘅公眾知名度，同埋分享嚟自相對罕見嘅參考作品嘅資訊。
- 想知多啲關於普利茲克計劃嘅資訊，請睇埋喺圖書館入面嘅電腦入面嘅功能 同埋英文維基百科上面同學生合作嘅文件：
昆士蘭州立圖書館同 1Lib1參考文獻
喺2017年嘅1Lib1Ref活動入面，位於澳洲昆士蘭州布里斯班嘅昆士蘭州立圖書館為自己設定咗一個雄心勃勃嘅目標，即係額外引用1000次關於昆士蘭嘅英文維基百科文章。我哋喺呢個活動期間獲得超過 1028 次引用，大約係全球總引用次數嘅四分之一。 你嘅GLAM下年會唔會可以打破呢個總數？ 睇下我哋點樣做！
- 有關完整畸士研究，請睇埋昆士蘭州立圖書館嘅 1Lib1Ref畸士研究
昆士蘭州立圖書館同 QWiki 俱樂部
昆士蘭州立圖書館嘅好多工作人員參與咗2017年1Lib1Ref 活動期間舉行嘅合作會議，佢哋都提供咗反饋，話佢哋覺得呢個體驗「令人愉快」同「令人有權力」，所以我哋每個月定期舉辦一個 QWiki Club 會議，令 SLQ 同其他本地 GLAM 嘅工作人員可以繼續喺佢哋最鍾意嘅任何主題上自由嘅合作模式去製作「本月主題」。我哋準備咗一份文章清單，分為初學者嘅較容易嘅任務同經驗較多嘅人嘅較難嘅任務（例如新文章創作）。有啲參加者好鍾意貢獻，所以佢哋都會繼續喺屋企做。
- 有關完整畸士研究，請睇埋昆士蘭州立圖書館嘅 QWiki Club畸士研究
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嵌入式維基媒體
有時，將有經驗嘅維基媒體義工帶入文化機構嘅工作人員，促進佢哋喺維基媒體項目上嘅影響力同分享能力，係有幫助嘅。維基媒體項目嘅文化同運作機制，包括維基百科、維基共享資源、維基數據同維基來源，對收集內容嘅期望同策略都同典型嘅專業編輯做法好唔同。另外，嵌入維基媒體社群可以令機構接觸到圍繞版權、義工合作同公眾參與研究項目等主題嘅文化變化。
喺現有嘅合作入面，呢啲維基媒體角色通常分為三大類型（隨住機構投資增加）：
- 義工協作者/協調員有時叫做維基媒體大使，呢啲義工嚟自當地嘅維基媒體社群或者聯盟，幫手同當地機構協調活動、參與或者活動。
- 維基百科訪客學者 – 有特殊程度嘅存取機構嘅維基媒體人，例如同職員諮詢、存取資料集，或者存取需要註冊嘅研究材料，以換取專注於同機構相關嘅維基媒體項目嘅主題（有關模型嘅文件，唔該睇埋英文維基百科嘅組織頁面)
- 喺民居嘅維基百科 – 自從第一個位置例如喺2010年嘅大英博物館,呢啲嵌入式維基媒體，通常會以某種方式獲得補償（無論係有薪合約定係教育學分），同機構工作人員合作，制定策略或者參與戰術，將維基媒體項目整合到機構策略入面（有關模型嘅文件化，唔該睇埋 Wikipedian in Residence）。
對嵌入式維基媒體角色嘅更大投資通常會為機構同項目同義工社群之間提供更有系統同戰略性嘅合作機會。但係，有啲項目嘅規模同產生嘅影響力超出咗佢哋嘅投資，而有啲有薪角色對機構嘅影響並冇其他角色咁大：機構背景、嵌入式維基媒體人嘅能力同興趣，同埋外部義工社群對呢啲項目嘅興趣，都會改變呢啲項目可以產生嘅影響規模。
文件同資源 維基百科嘅常駐角色文件可以喺以下搵到：
- Wikipedian in Residence – 一份關於維基百科駐場角色嘅清單，同埋佢哋嘅工作描述
- 2014年對維基媒體英國嘅維基百科居住計劃嘅評論
可擴充性: 適度可擴展：維基媒體居住者通常可以喺比義工協調員大好多嘅規模上動員機構資源，從而激發更多人嘅興趣同參與。高影響力維基百科居住職位嘅其中一個主要限制係資助呢啲角色嘅成本，可以透過將居住地點放入網絡組織嚟達到更高規模嘅影響力 —— 例如，約克信託（英格蘭）、 METRO （紐約市）或者埃爾夫戈德 · 格爾德蘭（荷蘭）。
叉能廚: 過去， WIR 、 VS 同協調員角色都面臨同制度承諾有關嘅挑戰；為整個組織嘅角色發展廣泛嘅支持，可以幫助機構投資同支持；某啲類型嘅參與戰術或者項目可能喺有限嘅跨機構支持下唔會有持久嘅效果。現有嘅維基媒體社群有有限嘅義工或者早期專業人士，佢哋願意承諾擔任嵌入式角色，或者有適當嘅技能去進行高影響力嘅項目。 近年， WMUK 同維基媒體基金會資助咗好多維基百科嘅常駐職位，由有有限或者完全冇維基媒體社群經驗嘅人擔任，令到佢哋取得相當高嘅成功。
潛在盟友: 文化組織；有訓練經驗嘅維基媒體人；文化領域（例如圖書館科學或博物館研究）或類似空間（歷史、藝術史、數碼人文）嘅早期專業人士；維基媒體關係企業有經驗安排或者指導新嘅維基百科人做駐場或者訪問學者。
約克博物館信託維基百科居住者
喺2014年，約克博物館信託會請咗一位維基百科居住者，帕特 · 哈德利，同信託入面嘅四個機構合作呢個跨機構嘅工作，令到維基媒體居住者可以支援每個機構嘅唔同類型嘅收藏同唔同類型嘅興趣，同埋機構之間嘅唔同策展人員。
有關文件同個案研究，請睇埋呢份居留權嘅最後報告,有關項目嘅其他文件，請睇埋英文維基百科嘅項目頁面。
西維吉尼亞大學維基百科居住者
受到 [ [ Adrienne Wadewitz]] 嘅過世啟發，佢一直喺維基百科上發展對性別內容同創作者差距嘅支持同興趣社群，西維吉尼亞大學嘅圖書館決定為性別平等創建一個維基百科居住角色 [ [ 由維基媒體基金會資助 ] ] ，呢個組織請咗 Kelly 同 Rebrideia 做 Wikipedia 嘅編程技能。教職員同學生為維基媒體嘅關於女性嘅項目作出貢獻，特別係阿巴拉契亞嘅女性。 自從嗰一年開始，佢就擴大咗唔同嘅外展模式，包括一個針對性嘅項目喺 WVU 同其他大學嘅女同學會做外展。
想知更多有關居民嘅資訊，可以睇吓第一年嘅成果報告
維基資料威爾斯國家圖書館訪問學者
維基數據係最年輕嘅維基媒體項目，有好多機會去擴大制度知識嘅影響。其中一個將維基媒體嵌入到維基數據為重點嘅試點項目係喺威爾斯國家圖書館，以美國現有嘅維基百科訪問學者職位為模式，維基數據訪問學者可以存取同支持解釋同使用國家圖書館嘅幾組畫作嘅資料我哋將維基數據、可視化同其他工具應用喺內容上面，嚟了解多啲有關內容嘅資訊。
- 如果想知道更多有關呢個角色嘅資訊，請睇埋維基媒體博客上面嘅網誌文章
弗吉尼亞州立圖書館義工
Shalor Toncray 曾經係維基百科編輯同維珍尼亞圖書館嘅義工，佢決定將呢兩個角色結合埋一齊，同維珍尼亞圖書館嘅圖書館員同數碼工作人員合作，幫助確保圖書館自己嘅數碼收藏所涵蓋嘅主題有效地整合到英文維基百科同其他項目入面。
網上編輯廣告系列
文化遺產機構喺一個強大嘅情況下，佢哋嘅可以識別維基媒體項目嘅缺口，亦可以經常透過佢哋嘅實體收藏或者透過網上資源，提供支持呢啲主題所需嘅研究材料。但係，只係動員本地嘅維基媒體義工或者機構義工可能唔會提供足夠嘅能量去覆蓋所有感興趣嘅主題。
同樣噉，遺產組織入面有好多收藏品都係殖民地記錄嘅一部分，或者係當地以外嘅更國際歷史嘅一部分，所以令一班全球義工參與 GLAM 嘅材料感到興奮，可能會喺維基媒體項目中產生意想不到同多元化嘅影響。
Resources: Committed and established Wikimedia organizers, who understand how to contribute to the community, and can define the scope of the project; staff time and institutional resources to help identify topics and connect materials with the topics.
Scalability: Moderately scalable: Editing campaigns have some scalability due to their ability to attract contributors in geographies well beyond the typical space for a GLAM or other institution. However, the number of community members able to participate in these projects is usually bounded by a level of interest in the project; scaling outside of typical Wikimedians may be a solution for this (for example, #1lib1ref called on library staff).
Challenges: Coordination of online-only activities can require a lot of communication and documentation ahead and during the activity. Setting up the initial infrastructure can require on-wiki knowledge (though increasingly the Programs and Events Dashboard and judging tools like Fountain can simplify this).
Potential allies: On-Wiki organizers; cultural heritage staff familiar with the topic area that you are working with; judges for the content (if it's a competition).
Archives Challenge: Bulgarian State Archives
Working with the Federal Archives of Bulgaria, volunteers in the Bulgarian Wikimedia community have worked with archivists to identify important media files that illustrate the cultural history of Bulgaria over the course of many years. Using these uploaded media files as a foundation, the Archives has organized a number of digital campaigns and competitions to write more content inspired by the images. The main one is the Annual "Archives Challenge", where they invite Wikimedia community members to illustrate Wikimedia projects with the images, and to create content that helps the images become more visible. Each year, dozens of Wikipedia articles are written, the images are added to other articles, and descriptions are improved throughout the files on Commons.
- For more information, see the Bulgarian Archives Case study
European Art History Challenge
Wikidata unlocks a number of different opportunities beyond contributing to one language Wikipedia. Objects or concepts related to institutions can be described first in Wikidata, and then act as a source of material for Wikipedias. Building on a larger Europeana initiative to represent 10 heritage objects from each of the 28 member states in the European Union, called Europeana 280, Wikipedian in Residence Liam Wyatt organized the European Art History Challenge to crowd-source descriptions and articles about those art history piece across European languages. The project generated 816 Wikipedia articles in 28 languages as well as over 1346 labels in those languages, allowing Europeana to use the Wikidata content in their own digital tools and applications.
- For a reflection on the campaign see the blog post on the Europeana Blog, for the outcomes of the project see the organizing page on Wikidata.
#1lib1ref: Distributed librarians contributing references
Contributions from institutions can be big and small, and of various degrees of complexity. Each year the Wikipedia Library team and affiliates from around the world run the #1lib1ref campaign which asks librarians to engage by "adding one more reference to Wikipedia". The campaign has been particularly successful in communities that already have strong library relationships, like the Amical's partnership with the Public Library Network, or in Norway and Sweden where they have already pioneered significant library outreach. Particularly with libraries, but with GLAMs in general, there is a lot of opportunity for small skills or knowledge to be shared from the institutions: so #1lib1ref acts as a gateway for skill sharing and understanding how that is possible.
Wikidata and Institutional Metadata
Beyond the objects which cultural institutions curate and might make available through digitization and digital catalogues, most institutions collect and enrich metadata and other structured information about their collections. This data can be used for a number of internal and external purposes. For example, the Getty Art Research Institute publishes large databases that are widely used to describe and enrich art collections.
Wikidata, the newest project in the Wikimedia ecosystem, provides a valuable environment for connecting and enriching this data. Unlike traditional database projects, Wikidata's light-weight crowdsourcing strategies and broad scope allows for learning about unexpected connections within the data, and has a number of powerful tools that allow for visualizing and analyzing the data. Additionally, Wikidata provides a lot of features for recording, synchronizing and crosswalking between different authority controls and controlled vocabularies used by other data authorities. These features allow institutions to use Wikidata both in their own websites and to enrich existing collection data.
For a primer on how GLAMs are working with Wikidata, see this 2016 blog post and this post on Medium . Guidance for donating data to Wikidata can be found at Wikidata's Data donation portal and this workflow documentation
Resources: Institutional knowledge about existing data projects; freely-licensed data from institutions; someone who understands how Wikidata works.
Scalability: Wikidata projects are highly scalable, because they often require only limited contribution from volunteers and staff, and large sets of data can be integrated with relatively limited actual activity.
Challenges: Wikidata and Linked Open Data are often hard to communicate; institutions can be defensive of their data and its editorial practices; depth of knowledge and skill about Wikidata in the Wikimedia community is currently limited.
Potential allies: Metadata librarians and catalogers; data-focused staff at institutions; Wikimedia Deutschland's Wikidata team; the Wikidata community.
Flemish Art Collections
Wikidata offers a robust way to connect different kinds of heritage data between and among institutions. One early example of this kind of project was in Belgium. Wikimedia Belgium, local volunteers and a consortia of Flemish art museums ran a series of workshops and data uploads from several institutions. These uploads provided a number of different opportunities for connection and analysis among the collections.
- Learn more about the case study at this White Paper on Wikidata
Yle Radio Archive
Instead of uploading content to Wikidata, the Yle Archive focused on matching its standard controlled vocabulary for describing its archive of public radio segments. The archive, which includes tagging of many different subjects with descriptive metadata, transitioned from using Freebase to using Wikidata to describe their collections. This connection allows for more topics covered by Wikidata to be used to describe their collection, and provides functional opportunities for using labels and descriptions from other languages.
Learn more about the project on the Wikimedia Finland blog
Embedding Wikimedia Content
Wikimedia content is available to the world under a free license (CC-BY-SA or freer). Embedding Wikimedia content either in the digital presence of a GLAM or in the physical exhibition spaces of the organization can be highly beneficial: the content is constantly being enriched in a public space, and the API's and technical access points for the content can be widely reused by outside websites. For example, Wikipedia-based descriptions can be used on Websites for topics not deeply researched by the institution, or QR codes could be placed on exhibition placards next to physical objects to provide more context.
Including Wikimedia content alongside authoritative content can include interpretative challenges: its important that labeling and attribution communicate that Wikipedia is not created by the institution's staff and may change. However, there are a myriad of benefits from embedding Wikimedia content: access to multilingual content; continued enrichment of content through crowdsourcing and Wikimedia community processes; and high quality contextual knowledge for low cost for the institution.
Resources: Knowledge of Wikimedia projects and their technical endpoints; digital projects with clear gaps/needs beyond what is collected on institutional sites.
Scalability: Embedded content projects are highly scalable: they require fairly limited changes to code on the consumer end, and can be good engagement opportunities for focusing efforts on gaps in Wikidata, Wikimedia Commons or other Wikimedia projects.
Challenges: Institutions may be reluctant to cede control of some content on websites or in installations; creating tactics for reviewing and enriching content on Wikimedia projects may support this.
Potential allies: Metadata librarians and catalogers; data-or web-focused staff at institutions; local cultural-promotion agencies (QRpedia has been used to promote heritage materials in local constituencies, for example); curators or installation directors.
QRPedia in Indianapolis Children's Museum
QRPedia is a free service supported by Wikimedia UK, that allows the creation of language-independent QR codes for Wikimedia pages. When readers scan the QR codes, instead of resolving to a specific Wikipedia article. For institutions with physical collections, QRpedia codes can provide extended content for viewers of the collection. The Indianapolis Children's Museum curated content on several of its important collection pieces on Wikipedia, by engaging interns to write content there. Once these pages were increased in Quality, they placed QR pedia codes on the
See the Indianapolis Children's Museum Case study for more information.
For more information about QRPedia, see the portal on Outreach Wiki.
Illustrating the Welsh Bird Dictionary
A text-based bird scientific dictionary for Welsh speakers, called the Llen Natur Species Dictionary, had previously had not illustrations for the various parts of their reference material. By using Wikidata, to connect Wikimedia Commons media files to authoritative materials in the institutional collection: the institution gained some of the value of Wikimedia projects crowdsourcing effort, while focusing on what they do best: curating authoritative knowledge from experts.
Learn more about the case study in the This Month in GLAM Report
For some recommendations on how to embed Wikimedia content in your context, see the Embedded Discovery Page on English Wikipedia
Similar examples:
- JSTOR embeds relevant Wikipedia and Wikimedia content in "topic pages" using structured data: such as in the "Story Telling page"
- Quora uses Wikidata to generate additional context for question topics on Wikidata. Read more on the blog
- The Social Networks and Archival Context working group at the University of Virginia includes Wikidata-identified images in its Archival record listings: See it in Action on their Prototype Site
GLAM + Education
Wikimedia and education work aims to promote the use of Wikimedia projects in education to support student learning and close knowledge gaps. When students of all ages contribute to Wikimedia projects as part of their learning, they gain significant 21st century skills . By fostering a relationship between Education and the Wikimedia movement, we have the best chance to realize our goal that the sum of all knowledge will be accessible to everyone in the world for free.
Increasingly GLAM organizations collaborate with the educators, to help facilitate and focus Education projects. The most common support, comes from university librarians who help teach and design the research assignments. However, other GLAMs have worked with both classes of students at other institutions, or groups of interns or other learners affiliated with the GLAM. These projects, allow for dynamic learning and sharing activities for both the institutions and the students involved.
Best practices for developing education projects can be found at the Education Portal on Outreach.
Resources: Institutional research materials; experience designing for learning and student engagement; time and energy for supervising learning and participation over the course of the participation.
Scalability: Moderately scalable: the Education program is well defined and very successful at creating content and engagement of educators and students. There are some constraints based on the timescale and structure of working with different learning situations and environments.
Challenges: Working with different kinds of students requires different kinds of knowledge and skills; coordinating timing and capacity for both GLAMs and educators can be challenging.
Potential allies: Educators, especially in continuing education and universities; institutional staff focused on public engagement and education.
Wiki Clubs in Macedonia
The GLAM Macedonia user group regular hosts gatherings of school age students at museums in Macedonia called "Wiki Clubs". These WikiClubs provide a valuable opportunity for engaging students in the topics of interest to the Museum, and has received national awards for innovation.
- Learn more about the program in this case study
Czech Seniors Citizens
Education programs focus on a number of different learner audiences: commonly, many of the programs focus on students at universities. However, one innovative education program from the Czech Republic provides a specific training program focused on the training of senior citizens. Working with the continuing education staff at a public library, Wikimedia Czech Republic ran a series of training sessions focused on bridging senior technology skills with Wikipedia contributions. The program had high retention rate of editors, and encouraged senior citizens to continue using library collections and resources as part of contributing to Wikimedia projects.
Learn more about the project on the Wikimedia Foundation Blog.
Eastern Washington University Editathon
Staff at Eastern Washington University's special collections ran an editathon at their university as a means of outreach and engagement with the student body. Focused on one topic well represented in their collection, a head of the sports program at the University, they encouraged student engagement in the special collections and research resources at the University, while also increasing visibility of both the topic and the research materials at the special collection about the topic. The project, unlike more generalized editing events, was specifically focused on engaging students and learners at the University in the Archives as a research process.
Learn more about the case study in the Journal of Western Archives
Finding support
Collaborating with Wikimedia projects means collaborating with a digital community of practice that has it own particular nuances. We highly recommend finding help in that community, to make sure that your activities engage community expectations and projects successfully. To find help, we recommend starting at:
- Reach out to Wikimedia Community Affiliates – affiliates are local Wikimedia organizations that support volunteers who run outreach and programs
- If you need funding, consider a project grant from the Wikimedia Foundation
- Note: Wikimedia Foundation Project grants cannot pay for technicians to do the digitization process. Project management, community engagement and facilitating travel for the project can be included.
- For other kinds of collaborations, see the GLAM-Wiki portal here on Outreach Wiki
Other documentation
- There are portals oriented towards similar kinds of projects in the research and libraries at English Wikipedia